CVT起步离合器模糊控制算法研究

探讨了汽车无级变速器控制的关键技术之一———汽车起步离合器的控制技术,并针对汽车起步时条件的多样性以及驾驶员意图的不确定性,研究了适用于复杂条件的模糊控制算法.在离合器的滑磨阶段,把动态跟踪发动机转速的油压作为控制目标,离合器结合的控制便转化为一闭环控制.结果表明汽车能在任意工况下平顺快速起步.因此,本研究为控制CVT(Continuously Variable Transmission)起步离合器这种时变、非线性系统提出了一种简单可行的解决方法.     

Analysis on Mineral Element Contents in Associated with Varietal Type in Core Collection of Yunnan Rice

Eight-element contents of 653 unpolished rice samples harvested from Xingping experiment farm, Yunnan Province under the same ecological conditions were analyzed by ICP-AES method. The mineral elements content were closely related to low diversity, high-yielding, and multi-resistance breeding; The K, Mg, Ca and Mn content in high-yielding and resistant varieties were high, and other nutrients such as P, Fe, Zn and Cu were low, which was connected with the heredity and physiological mechanism of mineral nutrients. There is zonal distribution of mineral elements content from Yunnan rice, especially for P, Fe, Zn and Cu co-related with the diversity center, paddy versus upland, glutinous and non-glutinous, glume-hair versus nuda, rice color, rice flavor, soft rice versus non-soft rice, but it did not find any association with indica-japonica types. The results supported the ecological variety group view of 5-grade taxonomic system “species-subspecies-ecological groups-ecological variety groups - varietal types“ .     

重迎茬亚麻生长发育障碍机制的研究

重迎茬亚麻减产是由多种因素综合作用的结果,亚麻重迎茬可使病害加重是最主要因素,重茬年限越久发病越严重;重迎茬造成了土壤营养元素的单一消耗,随着重迎茬年限的增加,土壤中速效氮、速效磷、速效钾等含量降低。     

棉铃疫病在阿拉尔的发生

棉铃疫病是长绒棉铃期的重要病害,在新疆阿拉尔地区,七月底至八月上旬,若遇低温、阴雨、高湿的环境条件也能严重流行。种植抗病品种和改善生态因素是控制病害发生和流行的重要途径。     

稀土对刺槐苗木生理特性影响的研究

稀土对刺槐苗木生理特性影响的研究赵兰勇，梁玉堂（山东农业大学林学院泰安２７１０１８）王九龄（北京林业大学北京１０００８３）关键词稀土，刺槐，光合速率，叶绿素含量，水分利用效率，矿质元素含量近年来，稀土元素在农业上的应用研究越来越受到人们的重视，并且已...     

Seasonal Changes in Forage Nutrients and Mineral Contents in Water Resources,Forage and Yak Blood

This paper reports results of a study conducted to investigate the concentrations of seven mineral elements in yak blood, forage and water resources around the Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province in different seasons. Meanwhile, the nutritional compositions of the forage were also surveyed. The results suggest that the mineral elements and the forage nutrients change in a seasonal pattern. In yak blood,the sodium(Na)concentration varies from 0.291 to 0.034 mg/mL,and this is lower than the normal value. In the forage,the ratio calcium(Ca)to phosphorus(P)is 4.06～7.47:1 and potassium(K)to Na 30～27:1. These results indicate that the nutrition of the yak in the area is deficient in Na but high in K. For the withered forage sampled in February,the protein content is only 31.14% of the total protein in the forage growing at puerile stage in June. The severe loss of protein by 68. 9% and decrease of effective nutrients in the wintered forage are considered to be the reasons resulting in the poor condition of yak in winter and spring seasons.     

佛山岭南天地旧改项目中开放空间的特色分析

近年来,国内出现了不少基于城市老街区改造为商业街区的项目。通过对佛山岭南天地项目中有代表性的广场、街道、建筑等节点进行调研,选取开放空间的3个特色要素——空间形态和尺度,传统装饰元素,植物和水景布置,探析"新天地"模式中开放空间营造的特色手法,包括保持街巷形态和宜人尺度,增强街区公共属性;保护传统建筑构件,利用传统材料、技术;保留古树,并结合植物和水景布置,形成多层次的景观系统等。     

ICP-AES法测定黄山名茶中的多种微量元素

用 IRIS Intrepid II XSP ICP全谱直读等离子体发射光谱仪，对黄山名茶中 Se、Fe、Mn、Cd、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Pb、Zn等微量元素进行了测定，通过试验，选择了仪器的最佳分析条件。方法简便快速，精密度和准确度均符合要求。该方法用于实际茶叶样品分析，结果令人满意。     

传统图形元素在食用菌包装创意设计中的运用

通过研究食用菌包装中传统图形元素的创意设计,可以使食用菌产品与现代消费者的需求更加贴合,进一步拓展食用菌消费市场。融合地域特色传统文化,满足现代人的审美观念,对传统图形元素进行有效创新,并使用科学的方法进行设计,更好的凸显地域特色文化内涵。     

Outpacing the resistance tsunami: Antimicrobial stewardship in equine medicine,an overview

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is the term increasingly used to describe the multiple approaches needed to sustain the efficacy of antimicrobial drugs in the face of the increasing development and spread of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens, and the global crisis in medicine that it is engendering. The concept and the practices associated with AMS continue to evolve but the general approach is a dynamic and multifaceted one of continuous improvement based on reducing, improving, monitoring and evaluating the use of antimicrobials so as to preserve their future efficacy and to protect human and animal health. Using many equine examples, this basic overview discusses the multiple and interacting elements of AMS: Practice guidelines, infection control and prevention, clinical microbiology, resistance and use surveillance, dosage, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, regulation, education and owner compliance, leadership, coordination and measurement. There have been impressive advances in recent years in reporting and analysis of AMR in horses, in the scrutiny and assessment of how antimicrobial drugs are used in horses and in identification of areas for improvement including dosing, surgical prophylaxis, infection control, development of practice standards and the use of clinical microbiology. Antimicrobial stewardship is taking shape as we start to see the emergence of evidence-based recommendations but far more is required. Containing and even rolling back AMR will need the continued engagement of practitioners, equine national and international practitioner organisations, researchers and educators in the academic community, horse owners, regulators and others.